声功回收型脉管的研究进展

Research Progress of Pulse Tube With Acoustic Power Recovery

  • 摘要: 由于具有低振动、长寿命、高可靠性等优点,脉管制冷机在高温超导和星载红外器件等领域的应用具有明显优势,近年来也逐渐成为研究的热点领域之一。然而,传统调相方式的脉管制冷机因热端声功以热量形式耗散,本征制冷效率较斯特林制冷机低。采用声功回收技术可以显著提高制冷效率,降低重量,对于高温区大冷量制冷机的性能提升更为显著。本文通过对国内外脉管制冷机声功回收方式的研究进展进行分析,展望了斯特林型脉管制冷机声功回收的应用前景和发展趋势。最后阐述了在昆明物理研究所应用的声功回收型脉管制冷机。

     

    Abstract: Owing to its advantages of low vibration, long lifespan, and high reliability, the pulse tube refrigerator has demonstrated significant potential in applications such as high-temperature superconducting systems and satellite-borne infrared devices. As a result, it has become one of the prominent research areas in recent years. However, the inherent refrigeration efficiency of a pulse tube refrigerator using traditional phase modulation methods is generally lower than that of a Stirling refrigerator. This is primarily because the acoustic power at the hot end is dissipated as heat. Recovering this acoustic power can enhance refrigeration efficiency and reduce overall system weight, which is especially beneficial for refrigerators with high cooling capacities operating in high-temperature environments. This paper reviews the current state of research on acoustic power recovery methods for pulse tube refrigerators, both domestically and internationally, and explores their application prospects and development trends. Finally, a pulse tube refrigerator incorporating acoustic power recovery suitable for use in a KIP unit is presented.

     

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